Schlüsselburg – Lná?e Municipality. Former Prachens province in the southwest of Bohemia.

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Schlüsselburg – Lná?e Municipality. Former Prachens province in the southwestern Bohemia/CZE.
Schlüsselburg – Lná?e – Town of Lnar Municipality
It lies in the northwestern part of Prachens province, some 50 km to the southeast from PILSEN or 100 km southwards from PRAGUE. The easiest way how to reach the locality is to follow international route E49 from Pilsen to [Bohemian] Budweis.
Municipality was mentioned for the first time in the start of the 14th century AD, yet it has been inhabited continually since the 7.-6. century BC by Celts, Marcomans, Doudlebs and their posterity. First knights of Schlüsselburg were an aristocracy of German origin residing at so-called ‚Old Stronghold‘ near a passing of Smolivec Brook en route from the Pisek City to the Pilsen City. Why two names? That’s quite simple – the German name is probably older and means ‚The Key Fort‘, for a legendary golden key was found on the site of fort on the day of St. Mary. The Bohemian name is far less romantic – a flix plant [used as material by common people for their clothing ] was grown here in a large quantity, therefore Lnare means ‚Flix-growers’municipality‘. The English name ‚Town of Lnar‘ could be still find on a 1945 WWII memorial in the centre. The ancient Prachens Region had had its first centre in Prachens [Horazdovice, 20km to the south], than for centuries in Pisek City until the 19th century.
Schlüsselburg was a village drowned in „sea of woods“ on the shores of muddy streams in a vast swampland, which actually covered much of nowadays Blatna Valley. This bogs had been (similarily to another famous lake district town of Wittingau-Trebon) transformed into a very extensive lakeland with hundreds of ponds and lakes. Not only these new semi-artificial lakes protected municipality from health issues connected to bogs and severe floods, but enabled growth of famed fishing industry, major source of revenues until quite recently. After 17th century some decline in fishing industry occurred and much of the waters were drained for new, prospective usage – sheep pastures. As of 1840 there were some 13,000 sheep. Second revival of the fishing industry occured during the 19th century, thanks to the care of local aristocracy. In the 19th century Dr. Theodor Mokry created a breed of an unscaly carp called ‚Lnarsky modrak‘ (‚Bluefish of Lnare‘). A wave of modernity arrived with first train on a brand line between towns Blatná and Pomuk-Dvorec some hundred years ago. Unfortunately for the municipality this train line eased a dramatical outflow of locals into fast growing metropolis of West Bohemian Region, Pilsen. After 1918 the municipality became part of Czechoslovakia, later of Protectorate ‘Böhmen und Mähren‘ and after 1948 part of Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. The winter Velvet Revolution of 1989 brought an end to this totalitarian state and we are enjoying first 20 years of cultural, social and economic revival. Our two chateaux returned to local hands; the larger ‚New‘, to non-aristocratic Vanicek Family and the ‚Old‘ one belongs to the municipality. Devastating floods in August 2002 damaged strongly our valley but we succeeded in rebuilding all of it during 2002-2004. We are pleased to welcome more and more European newcomers [settlers] and visitou every year. Thank You for Your favour 😉
Municipality is rich in architecture, unique landscape and sights, for example:
Baroque church of St. Joseph [17. century] with very unique fresco paintings
Baroque Chateau [or ‚New Chateau‘, 17. century] – frescoes with mythical ancient Gods, English-French garden [4 hect.] with a little mosque, several stone fountains, pools and rare wood species…
Chapel of St. Anna [end of the 17. cent.]
Annaberg – complex of frame houses, first half of the 19. cent. (in the style of SW German Swabia)
‚Old Stronghold‘ – at least 700 years old remnant of original wooden fort , rebuilt in 1597 as a stone-brick Renaissance chateau; first mentioned in 1465. Now hosts a gallery of contemporary art, infocentre, and flats.
Monumental classical barnyard from the 19. century
Primary school, more than 110 years old
Parish & monastery Church of the Saintest Trinity with the icon of Our Mother of Lnar [17. cent.]
Gothical grave-yard Church of St. Nicholas [14. cent.]
Baroque Chapel in Zahorcice [17. cent.]
Baroque sculptures of saint protectors [at least 9 of them]
Baroque sculptures of [11 pieces, 17. century]
The Giant Logan [some 30 tons, 5 km to the south in Kadov; protected by the law. The biggest and perhaps the most easily accessible in all Bohemia]
Perfect organised pathways/cycleways with infopanels through the countryside
For Geochaching lovers – few caches are to be found here as well 😉
plus a great wealth of protected lakes, meadows, woods, castles, churches….
COME TO SEE MORE, DEAR FRIENDS !!!

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Question by Michael Brian: What addictions does the APA recognize as actual addiction disorders?
I know technically anything can be an “addiction” but I’m trying to find a list that the APA has put out that lists the actual addictions someone can be diagnosed with.

Best answer:

Answer by Peachy Perfect
Depends on what you count as an addiction. The DSM-IV (current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) doesn’t have a definition for the word “addiction” and doesn’t use it.

As far as what *you* might classify as an “addiction”, you can be diagnosed with either Substance Abuse or Substance Dependence, depending on the severity of the addiction. This involves either the dependence on or abuse of substances, like alcohol, heroin, caffeine –yes, I said caffeine–, cocaine, nicotine, etc.

As far as other “addictions” to non-substances go, the ones found under the “Impulse Control Disorders” category include:
– Pathological Gambling (people addicted to gambling)
– Kleptomania (people addicted to stealing)
– Pyromania (people addicted to setting fires)
– Trichotillomania (people addicted to pulling their hair out — yes, I’m serious)

There are lots of other disorders, including but definitely not limited to pedophilia and hypochondriasis, which you might consider addictions (pedophilia being when you are “addicted” to sexual endeavors with children, hypochondriasis being when you are “addicted” to being sick), but I don’t really count those under the “addictions” category, personally.

However, in the DSM-5, which is set to come out in May 2013, they are going to add a ton more disorders involving addictions under the category “Substance Use and Addictive Disorders”. But mostly the only change that will be made is specifying the type of substance that one is abusing, dependent on, and/or suffering withdrawals from. For example, instead of being diagnosed with plain “Substance Abuse” with alcohol listed as a side note, an alcoholic would be diagnosed with “Alcohol Use Disorder”, “Alcohol Intoxication”, and/or “Alcohol Withdrawal”.

Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!

There is no cure for alcoholism. There is only treatment. As dismal as this sounds, recovery from addiction requires a concerted effort by the addict and everyone in the addict’s life to help him or her transition into an addiction treatment program.

Once the addict is placed into an addiction treatment program, it’s important to know that relapse will likely happen at some point down the road. However, the addiction recovery field has accepted that relapse is a part of the recovery process. Recovery from addiction simply means extending the periods of time between each relapse and eventually kicking the substance abuse habit all together. It takes time and patience to recover from the disease of addiction. It takes support from the addict’s family and friends to help the addict get into recovery.

In the early years of the addiction recovery field, little was known about addiction. People thought it was a morality issue. Over time though, scientists discovered that addiction is actually a brain disease. The brain changes after repeated use of substances.

The next time you meet someone who might be an addict, try not to discriminate. In sociology, one learns to be open minded to other cultures. Addiction is a culture by itself. The addict simply has a craving for a substance to satisfy a chemical imbalance in the brain. It has nothing to do with morality. The only real cure for alcoholism is a concerted effort by the addict, family and friends to transition into an addiction treatment program.

It is not easy by any means to help alcoholics to recover. It is especially difficult to help an alcoholic who does not really want to quit drinking. In fact, most people would say that it is impossible and you should not even try to help them if they do not really want the help. This is probably good advice if you are spending a lot of time, resources, or mental energy in trying to help someone who continues to self destruct due to substance abuse.

Before you try to help an alcoholic you should first gauge their level of willingness. If they are not willing to help themselves in any way then you are basically wasting your time and energy. So try to determine if it is even worth your time to help them. A good rule of thumb for this is to figure out if they are willing to accept help that is suggested, or if they will only accept help for their problem on their own terms. If they are only willing to get help in their own way, then they are not really ready to stop drinking and you should not try to help them.

Now on the other hand, if the alcoholic in question is really ready to surrender their will to the disease, then they will ask for help and be ready to take some direction. They will admit that they are completely baffled by their condition and they will accept any reasonable suggestion that you give them. For example, they will be willing to attend recovery meetings or go to a treatment center if they are truly ready to get help. Fighting against these ideas is basically a form of denial.

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